Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Piper betle L. as Medical Plant in Srengseng Sawah Subdistrict, South Jakarta

Abstract

Piper betle L., commonly known as betel leaf, is one of the traditional medicinal plants widely used by Indonesian communities because of its various pharmacological benefits. This study aimed to document and describe community knowledge regarding the utilization of betel as a family medicinal plant and its management practices in daily life among residents of Srengseng Sawah Subdistrict, South Jakarta. The research employed a qualitative ethnobiological approach through semi-structured interviews with 30 purposively selected informants. Data collected included plant parts used, preparation methods, types of diseases treated, frequency of use, and community perceptions of effectiveness. The results showed that the leaves were the most commonly utilized part, typically processed by boiling, crushing, or applying directly to the affected area. Betel leaf was mainly used to treat minor wounds, oral and dental problems, skin infections, digestive issues, and women’s health concerns. Knowledge of its medicinal use was largely transmitted orally across generations within family environments, and many households cultivated the plant in home gardens due to its accessibility and cultural value. Most informants considered betel leaf to be safe, affordable, and effective for treating mild health conditions, although they recognized the importance of modern medical care for more serious illnesses. Overall, the findings demonstrate that traditional plant-based knowledge remains relevant in urban communities and plays an important role in supporting household healthcare practices while contributing to the preservation of local ethnobotanical heritage.